thefunalways.com – MCQs, Mock Tests | Biology Biology Pathology set 1

1 Smoking is associated with all the following diseases EXCEPT

A spontaneous abortion B atherosclerosis C bladder carcinoma D chronic liver disease

✅ Correct Answer: 4

2 In pulmonary tuberculosis

A the Ghon complex is a parenchymal peri-hilar lesion B bacilli establish themselves in sites of low oxygen tension C liquefactive necrosis precedes granuloma formation D Langhans cells occur in coalescent granulomas

✅ Correct Answer: 4

3 The commonest site of primary TB lesion in lung is

A apex B base C hilum D peripherally

✅ Correct Answer: 4

4 Regarding the changes to myocardium after MI

A pallor at 24 hours B wavy fibres are found centrally C decreased contractility after 5 minutes D liquefactive necrosis is typical

✅ Correct Answer: 1

5 In compensated cardiac hypertrophy changes include

A diffuse fibrosis B hyperplasia C decreased sarcomeres D increased capillary density

✅ Correct Answer: 1

6 In atherosclerosis the cells at the centre of the plaque are

A macrophages B foam cells C leukocytes D smooth muscle cells

✅ Correct Answer: 2

7 All of the following are major risk factors for atherosclerosis EXCEPT

A obesity B hyperlipidemia C smoking D hypertension

✅ Correct Answer: 1

8 Endocarditis in IV drug abusers typically

A is caused by candida albicans B has a better prognosis than other types of endocarditis C does not cause fever D is caused by staph aureus

✅ Correct Answer: 4

9 The commonest cause of fungal endocarditis is

A as B blatomycosis C as D. candida D candida

✅ Correct Answer: 4

10 Regarding pericarditis

A constrictive pericarditis only rarely follows suppurative pericarditis B primary pericarditis is usually bacterial in origin C serous pericarditis may be due to ureamia D haemorrhagic pericarditis is most commonly due to Klebsiella infection

✅ Correct Answer: 3

11 Patient who has a normal blood pressure post MI must have

A increased cardiac output B increased systolic filling pressure C increased right atrial pressure D None of These

✅ Correct Answer: 2

12 Acute endocarditis

A has a less than 20 % mortality B is caused by virulent micro-organisms C 30 % is caused bacteria D none of these

✅ Correct Answer: 2

13 Congestive cardiac failure may be caused by

A vitamin A deficiency B niacin deficiency C vitamin D deficiency D thiamine deficiency

✅ Correct Answer: 4

14 Thromboctopenia

A occurs commonly in HIV B causes spontaneous bleeding at levels of less than 90,000/mm C occurs with hyposplenism D is related to platelet survival in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria

✅ Correct Answer: 1

15 A young man presents with central chest pain presumed to beassociated with vasoconstriction. The most likely cause of the pain is local

A hypoxia B decreased ATP C increased CO2 D catecholamines acting on alpha 1 receptors

✅ Correct Answer: 1

16 An adult male with an ejection fraction of 80 % could be due to

A myocardial ischaemia B arrhythmia C thiamine deficiency D None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

17 Malignant hypertension

A 75 % recover with no loss of renal function B is associated with abnormal renin levels C affects 1 to 5 % of sufferers D None of These

✅ Correct Answer: 3

18 The cause of fluid retention peripherally with congestive cardiac failureis

A increased renin B increased GFR C increased angiotensin 2 D increased aldosterone

✅ Correct Answer: 4

19 Rheumatic carditis is associated with

A Curschmann spirals B Ito cells C Aschoff bodies D Nutmeg cells

✅ Correct Answer: 3

20 Bradykinin

A causes smooth muscle dilatation B kallikrein causes prohormone degredation to produce bradykinin C both (a) and (b) D None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 2

21 Diabetes is associated with

A carbuncles B mucormycosis C all of the above D None of These

✅ Correct Answer: 3

22 Pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes is associated with

A decreased insulin sensitivity B abnormal glucokinase activity C no antibodies found at diagnosis D auto-immune insulitis

✅ Correct Answer: 4

23 In type 1 diabetes

A associated organ-specific auto-immune disorders are common B a genetic susceptibility is not supported by evidence C Finnish children have a 70 fold increase compared with Korean children D Influenza and varicella viruses are suspected as initiators of the disease

✅ Correct Answer: 3

24 Regarding pancreatitis

A the second most common cause is infectious agents B trypsin is implicated as an activator of the kinin system C the chronic form is usually due to gallstones D duct obstruction is not the mechanism in alcoholic pancreatitis

✅ Correct Answer: 2

25 In acute pancreatitis

A fat necrosis occurs in other intra-abdominal fatty deposits B trauma is the precipitating cause in 30 % of cases C alcohol is directly toxic to the Islets of Langerhans D Kallikrein converts trypsin to activate the complement system

✅ Correct Answer: 1

26 With regards to jaundice

A Conjugated bilirubin causes kernicterus in adults B Unconjugated bilirubin does not colour sclera C Unconjugated bilirubin is tightly bound to albumin D Unconjugated bilirubin produces bilirubin in urine

✅ Correct Answer: 3

27 In cirrhosis

A fibrosis is confined to the delicate bands around central veins B nodularity is uncommon C vascular architecture is preserved D the left lobe of the liver is most affected

✅ Correct Answer: 4

28 Oesophageal varices

A occur in one third of all cirrhosis patients B account for more than 50 % of episodes of haematemesis C are most often associated with hepatitis C cirrhosis D have a 40 % mortality during the first episode of rupture

✅ Correct Answer: 4

29 Concerning acute tubular necrosis

A cephalosporins are not a causative agent B nephrotoxic causes are associated with a poor prognosis C casts are found in the loop of Henle D rhabdomyolysis is not a cause

✅ Correct Answer: 3

30 Regarding acute tubular necrosis

A it is associated with hyperkalemia not hypokalemia in recovery B non-oliguric has a better recovery C it is associated with ischaemic cortical cells D 80 % are associated with anuria

✅ Correct Answer: 2

31 Ischaemic tubular necrosis is associated with

A maintenance stage with polyuria B predominantly proximal necrosis C intact basement membranes D tubular cast obstruction

✅ Correct Answer: 4

32 Regarding the hepatorenal syndrome

A it is irreversible B one loses the ability to concentrate urine C urine has a high sodium concentration D the urine is hyperosmolar

✅ Correct Answer: 4

33 Urolithiasis A.

A presence of hypercalcemia implies renal insufficiency B a patient with leukemia is likely to make cystine calculi C calcium is the major component of 35% of calculi D struvite stones are made up of magnesium-ammonium-phosphate

✅ Correct Answer: 4

34 In pyelonephritis

A 85 % of infections are caused by G-ve bacteria B uretral obstruction makes haematogenous infection less likely C infection is less likely during pregnancy D papillary necrosis and perinephric abscess are common seqelae

✅ Correct Answer: 1

35 Cushing syndrome is associated with

A osteoporosis B general obesity C hypotension D All of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 1

36 Macrocytic anaemia is associated with all the following except

A Hyperthyroidism B Neoplasm C Folate and B12 deficiency D EBV

✅ Correct Answer: 4

37 Myositis ossificans

A Morphologically resembles osteosarcoma B Resembles the repair process following a muscle tear C both (a) and (b) D None of These

✅ Correct Answer: 1

38 Hypothyroidism is associated with all of the following EXCEPT

A cretinism B cold intolerance C decreased hair growth D None of These

✅ Correct Answer: 3

39 Which of the following reactions is cell mediated

A SLE B Arthus reaction C Anaphylaxis D Graft rejection

✅ Correct Answer: 4

40 Myelefibrosis

A causes decreased megakaryocytes B stimulates erythropoetin production C causes leukoerythroblastic anaemia D None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

41 The commonest cause of thyroid carcinoma is

A medullary B follicular C papillary D anaplastic

✅ Correct Answer: 3

42 Stress fractures

A do not incite a paracortical reaction B result from repetitive stresses or abnormal axial loading C both a and b D None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 2

43 A performed mediator of inflammation is

A Prostaglandin B Histamine C Leukotriene D Nitric oxide

✅ Correct Answer: 2

44 In normal haemostasis

A Factor V inhibits thrombosis B Alpha 2 microglobulin is antithrombotic C PGI2 favours platelet aggregation D Platelet aggregation is inhibited by von Willebrand factor

✅ Correct Answer: 2

45 Mononuclear phagocytes

A Are the predominant cells in three day old wounds B Are common in liver, spleen and pancreas C Produce fibroblast growth factor D Secrete interferon Y

✅ Correct Answer: 3

46 Normal endothelial cells decrease platelet aggregation by secreting

A Interleukin 1 B von Willebrand factor C Prostacyclin D Factor V

✅ Correct Answer: 3

47 Interleukin 1 causes

A Neutropaenia B Decreased sleep C Decreased prostaglandin synthesis D Increased collagen synthesis

✅ Correct Answer: 4

48 Thrombosis is potentiated by all of the following except

A von Willebrand factor deficiency B Protein S deficiency C Antithrombin III deficiency D Thrombotic thrombocytopenia

✅ Correct Answer: 1

49 Acute compensatory mechanisms in shock include all of the following except

A Baroreceptor reflexes B. D. B Reverse stress-relaxation of vascular smooth muscle C The effects of increased aldosterone secretion D Activation of the renin-angiotensin system

✅ Correct Answer: 3

50 The following are primary mediators of type I hypersensitivity reactions except

A Adenosine B Neutrophil chemotactic factor C Heparin D Platelet activating factor

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Biology — Learn

Biology Pathology set 1